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CVE-2026-10634

MEDIUM 4.8

Published 2026-06-15 · Last modified 2026-07-14

Zephyr's native TCP stack iterates the global connection list in net_tcp_foreach() (subsys/net/ip/tcp.c) using the SYS_SLIST_FOR_EACH_CONTAINER_SAFE macro, which caches a pointer to the next list node. Prior to this fix the function released tcp_lock while invoking the per-connection callback and re-acquired it afterwards. During that window a concurrent tcp_conn_release(), running on the dedicated TCP work-queue thread when a connection's reference count drops to zero (e.g. a remote peer closing or resetting the connection), can remove and k_mem_slab_free() the cached next connection. When the iterator advances it dereferences the freed (and possibly reallocated) slab memory — a use-after-free that can crash the system (denial of service) and, if the slot has been reused, cause the callback to operate on an attacker-influenced object (potential information disclosure or further fault). net_tcp_foreach() is reached in production via the net conn network shell command and via net_tcp_close_all_for_iface() on interface-down; the freeing side is driven by ordinary TCP traffic. The fix moves the connection/context teardown in tcp_conn_release() inside the tcp_lock critical section and keeps tcp_lock held across the callback in net_tcp_foreach(). The defect was introduced with the modern (TCP2) stack in 2020 and affects releases up to and including v4.4.0.

NO EXPLOITATION SIGNALS

No known exploitation, public exploit, or elevated probability at this time. Track for changes.

Exploitation likelihood

0.3%chance of exploitation in 30 days · 19th percentile

○ In CISA KEV ○ Public exploit / PoC

Impact if exploited

4.8CVSS 3.1 · MEDIUM

  • ConfidentialityNone
  • IntegrityNone
  • AvailabilityHigh

What an attacker needs

  • Access: Must sit on the same / adjacent network
  • Privileges: Requires a low-privilege account
  • User interaction: No user interaction needed
  • Complexity: Needs a race window or specific setup

✓ lowers the bar for an attacker · ⚠ raises it

Proof of concept & exploit code

Test against your own equipment

curl -s https://vulnpedia.com/cve/CVE-2026-10634/poc.jsonMachine-readable PoC index for this CVE (for automation).

Listed for defensive triage, patch verification, and authorized testing on systems you own. Machine-readable: /cve/CVE-2026-10634/poc.json

Affected

Vendors Zephyrproject

Products Zephyr

Weakness (CWE)

  • CWE-416: use-after-free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Known Affected Software Configurations

VendorProductVersion range
ZephyrprojectZephyr≥ 2.5.0 and < 4.5.0

All CVSS metrics

  • MEDIUM 4.8 v3.1 · CNA Primary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
  • MEDIUM 4.8 v3.1 · NVD Secondary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
  • MEDIUM 5.3 v3.1 · NVD Primary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Sources: NVD · CVE.org · EPSS