CVE-2026-44727
CRITICAL 9.3Jupyter Server is the backend for Jupyter web applications. Prior to 2.20, the nbconvert HTTP handlers in jupyter_server render user-authored notebook HTML under the Jupyter origin without a sandbox directive in their Content-Security-Policy. Combined with nbconvert.HTMLExporter's default non-sanitizing behavior, a notebook carrying an HTML payload in a display_data output triggers stored XSS with cookie access, full /api/* authority, and kernel RCE. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.20.
Severe if exploited (CVSS 9.3), but no known exploitation and low modeled probability. Patch on a normal cadence.
Exploitation likelihood
0.2%chance of exploitation in 30 days · 13th percentile
Impact if exploited
9.3CVSS 4.0 · CRITICAL
- ConfidentialityHigh
- IntegrityHigh
- AvailabilityHigh
What an attacker needs
- ✓Access: Reachable over the network — no local access needed
- ⚠Privileges: Requires a low-privilege account
- ⚠User interaction: Requires active user interaction
- ✓Complexity: No special conditions — reliably repeatable
- ✓Requirements: No special attack requirements
✓ lowers the bar for an attacker · ⚠ raises it
Proof of concept & exploit code
- github-search Search GitHub for public PoC repos
Test against your own equipment
curl -s https://vulnpedia.com/cve/CVE-2026-44727/poc.jsonMachine-readable PoC index for this CVE (for automation).Listed for defensive triage, patch verification, and authorized testing on systems you own. Machine-readable: /cve/CVE-2026-44727/poc.json
Affected
Vendors Jupyter Server Red Hat Jupyter
Products Jupyter Server Migration Toolkit For Applications 8 Red Hat Openshift Ai (Rhoai) Jupyter Server
Weakness (CWE)
- CWE-79: : Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
- CWE-1021: : Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
Known Affected Software Configurations
| Vendor | Product | Version range |
|---|---|---|
| Jupyter | Jupyter Server | < 2.20.0 |
All CVSS metrics
- CRITICAL 9.3 v4.0 · CNA Primary
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H - CRITICAL 9 v3.1 · ADP Primary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - CRITICAL 9.3 v4.0 · NVD Secondary
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - MEDIUM 5.4 v3.1 · NVD Primary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N - CRITICAL 9 v3.1 · NVD Secondary
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H