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CVE-2026-98230

HIGH 7

Published 2026-10-06 · Last modified 2026-10-19

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: use hlist_del_init_rcu for state_cache and state_cache_input Commit 14acf9652e56 ("xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete") converted bydst/bysrc/byseq/byspi from hlist_del_rcu() to hlist_del_init_rcu() so that a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object becomes a no-op rather than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. It missed state_cache and state_cache_input, which kept hlist_del_rcu(): - hlist_del_rcu() leaves pprev = LIST_POISON2 (non-NULL), so hlist_unhashed() returns false. - hlist_del_init_rcu() leaves pprev = NULL, so hlist_unhashed() returns true. A second __xfrm_state_delete() therefore enters __hlist_del() on the already-deleted state_cache/state_cache_input nodes and does WRITE_ONCE(*pprev, next) through LIST_POISON2 — a write use-after-free once the slab is reused. The corruption can in turn cause a subsequent hlist_for_each_entry_rcu traversal to follow a dangling next pointer, producing the read use-after-free reported in xfrm_input_state_lookup(). Switch state_cache and state_cache_input to hlist_del_init_rcu() to match the other four lists, closing the write use-after-free and, with it, the read use-after-free it spawns.

ELEVATED IMPACT

Severe if exploited (CVSS 7), but no known exploitation and low modeled probability. Patch on a normal cadence.

Exploitation likelihood

0.1%chance of exploitation in 30 days · 2nd percentile

○ In CISA KEV ○ Catalogued PoC

Impact if exploited

7CVSS 3.1 · HIGH

  • ConfidentialityHigh
  • IntegrityHigh
  • AvailabilityHigh

What an attacker needs

  • ⚠Access: Requires local access to the host
  • ⚠Privileges: Requires a low-privilege account
  • ✓User interaction: No user interaction needed
  • ⚠Complexity: Needs a race window or specific setup

✓ lowers the bar for an attacker · ⚠ raises it

Proof of concept

No public PoC is currently catalogued.

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Data snapshot:

Affected

Vendors Linux

Products Linux

Weakness (CWE)

Not classified.

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References and research data (JSON)

Vendor product assessments

Showing 32 of 277 vendor product statements; 245 omitted. Read the full vendor advisory.

  • kernel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-abi-whitelists as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-whitelists

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-bootwrapper as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-bootwrapper

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-debug as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-debug-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-devel

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-devel

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-doc as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-doc

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-firmware as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-firmware

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-headers as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-headers

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-kdump as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-kdump

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-kdump-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-kdump-devel

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel?arch=src

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • perf as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/perf

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • python-perf as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 · known affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    pkg:rpm/redhat/python-perf

    • workaround: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
    • no fix planned: Out of support scope
    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-abi-stablelists as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-stablelists

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-modules-extra-matched as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-modules-extra-matched

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt-core as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-core

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-uki-virt as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-uki-virt

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • bpftool as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/bpftool

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-devel

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-abi-whitelists as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-abi-whitelists

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-modules-internal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-modules-internal

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt?arch=src

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-64k-modules-extra as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-modules-extra

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-debug-uki-virt as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-uki-virt

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt-64k-debug as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-64k-debug

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt-64k-modules-internal as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-64k-modules-internal

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-rt-kvm as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-kvm

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • kernel-zfcpdump-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-zfcpdump-devel

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00
  • openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 · known not affected

    Vendor assessment for this product only.

    Reason: vulnerable code not present

    pkg:oci/ose-rhel-coreos-9?repository_url=registry.redhat.io/openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9

    Red Hat · CVE-2026-98230 · Updated 2026-10-18T08:22:59+00:00

All CVSS metrics

  • HIGH 7 v3.1 · CNA Primary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • HIGH 7 v3.1 · NVD Secondary
    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

Advisories

Technical & other

Sources: NVD · CVE.org · EPSS